awk中替換并保留正則匹配到的特征串

hujysh

用sed可以實(shí)現(xiàn)
sed "s/abc\([A-Z]\)/XXX\1/" file
找到abc后跟大寫字母，將這樣的abc替換成XXX

awk中有g(shù)sub可以作替換，但沒找到類似上面替換后保留作為特征串的大寫字母的功能。

有誰知道awk中怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)嗎？

wh7211

回復(fù) 1# hujysh

1. echo "123abcF456"|awk 'match($0,"(^[0-9]+)[a-z]+(F.*$)",t){print t[1]"XXX"t[2]}'
   
2. echo "123abcF456"|awk '$0=gensub("(^[0-9]+)[a-z]+(F.*$)","\\1XXX\\2","g")'

復(fù)制代碼

輸出：
123XXXF456

jason680

回復(fù) 1# hujysh

$ echo '123abcABC123abcABC789' | perl -pe '{s/abc([A-Z])/XXX$1/}'
123XXXABC123abcABC789

$ echo '123abcABC123abcABC789' | perl -pe '{s/abc([A-Z])/XXX$1/g}'
123XXXABC123XXXABC789

$ echo '123abcABC123abcABC789' | awk '{$0=gensub("abc([A-Z])","XXX\\1",1,$0)}1'
123XXXABC123abcABC789

$ echo '123abcABC123abcABC789' | awk '{$0=gensub("abc([A-Z])","XXX\\1","g",$0)}1'
123XXXABC123XXXABC789