求助用sed或awk進行文件替換

legone2008

輸入：
參數(shù)1： Insufficient free space in the %s  directory. The free space is only %s. At least %s is required.
參數(shù)2： /export/home
參數(shù)3： 5%
參數(shù)4： 20%

輸出： Insufficient free space in the /export/home directory. The free space is only 5%. At least 20% is required.

簡單描述：
給出一個源串，如：Insufficient free space in the %s  directory. The free space is only %s. At least %s is required.
把其中%s替換為指定的字符串，如:/export/home,  5%, %20
可以保證%s出現(xiàn)的個數(shù)與指定要替換的字符串個數(shù)相同， 但指定要替換的字符串個數(shù)是不定的，同時要替換的字符串內(nèi)容也不定。

本想用awk接收外部參數(shù)（指定要替換的字符串）， 然后以%s作為分隔符，在每個域后面加上指定的字符串，但不知道如何將不定參數(shù)傳入到awk中。

也考慮過用sed循環(huán)替換其中的%s， 但是由于 指定的參數(shù)內(nèi)容不確定，可能就包括了sed指定的分隔符。

有沒有較好的替換方式，求大神指點。

Herowinter

回復 1# legone2008

1. #!/bin/bash
   
2. 
   
3. s=$1
   
4. for((i=2;i<=$#;i++));do
   
5.     s=$(awk -vt=${!i} '{sub("%s",t);print}'<<<$s)
   
6. done
   
7. echo -e "\n****After repalcement****\n"
   
8. echo $s

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1. ./print.sh "Insufficient free space in the %s  directory. The free space is only %s. At least %s is required." "/export/#home" "5%" "20%"
   
2. 
   
3. ****After repalcement****
   
4. 
   
5. Insufficient free space in the /export/#home directory. The free space is only 5%. At least 20% is required.

復制代碼

laliheyi

回復 1# legone2008


    printf "Insufficient free space in the %s  directory. The free space is only %s. At least %s is required." /export/home 5% 20%

huang6894

1. => awk -va='/export/home' -vb='5%' -vc='20%' 'BEGIN{print  "Insufficient free space in the "a" directory. The free space is only "b". At least "c" is required."}'
   
2. Insufficient free space in the /export/home directory. The free space is only 5%. At least 20% is required.
   

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可以嗎？

ly5066113

回復 1# legone2008

try:

1. $ cat test.sh
   
2. #! /bin/bash
   
3. 
   
4. n=1
   
5. for i in "$@"
   
6. do
   
7.         if [ $n -eq 1 ]
   
8.         then
   
9.                 str=$i
   
10.         else
    
11.                 str=$(echo $str | sed "s#%s#$i#")
    
12.         fi
    
13. 
    
14.         let n=n+1
    
15. done
    
16. echo $str
    
17. $
    
18. $ test.sh 'Insufficient free space in the %s  directory. The free space is only %s. At least %s is required.' /export/home 5% 20%
    
19. Insufficient free space in the /export/home directory. The free space is only 5%. At least 20% is required.

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legone2008

樓上幾位都沒有認真看要求。
@2樓，3樓： 參數(shù)個數(shù)不定，參數(shù)值不定  
@4樓： 如果參數(shù)中包含#，sed就會出錯， 如：/export/#home

laliheyi

回復 5# legone2008


    參數(shù)個數(shù)定不定有關(guān)系嗎？參數(shù)數(shù)量與%s數(shù)量一致就足夠了，有多少寫多少

ly5066113

回復 5# legone2008


用2樓的方法吧，最簡單：

1. $ cat test.sh
   
2. #! /bin/bash
   
3. 
   
4. str=printf
   
5. for i in "$@"
   
6. do
   
7.         str="$str '$i'"
   
8. done
   
9. eval $str
   
10. $
    
11. $ test.sh 'Insufficient free space in the %s  directory. The free space is only %s. At least %s is required.' /export/home 5% 20%
    
12. Insufficient free space in the /export/home directory. The free space is only 5%. At least 20% is required.

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Herowinter

回復 8# ly5066113
學習了，sed或awk確實繞彎了，
應該直接printf的。


   

rulebook

1. #!/bin/sh
   
2. [ "$1" == "" ] && echo "$1 is Null" && exit
   
3. 
   
4. [ `echo $(($#-1))` != `echo $1 | egrep -o "%s" | wc -l` ] && echo "\%s the wrong number!" && exit
   
5. 
   
6. eval echo $(echo $1 | awk '{for(i=1;i<='`echo $[$#-1]`';i++){sub(/%s/,"$"i+1)}}1')
   

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