vsftp的配置

xuetielong

一、安裝
1.下載最新的穩(wěn)定版vsftpd-1.2.1.tar.gz
2.卸載原有的rpm的vsftpd
rpm -e vsftpd
3.tar xvzf vsftpd-1.2.1.tar.gz
4.cd vsftpd-1.2.1
5.make
6.useradd nobody
7.mkdir /usr/share/empty
8.mkdir /var/ftp
9.useradd -d /var/ftp ftp
10.chown root.root /var/ftp
11.chmod og-w /var/ftp
說(shuō)明：如果你象我一樣原來(lái)有rpm的vsftp，只是卸載了，可以省略6-11步，如果原來(lái)沒(méi)有安裝vsftp，請(qǐng)按部就班。
12.make install
13.vi /etc/xinetd.d/vsftpd
把disable=yes改成no，保存退出。然后service xinetd restart，OK！新裝的vsftp已經(jīng)可以工作了！
說(shuō)明：默認(rèn)安裝的vsftpd是以xinetd的方式啟動(dòng)的。你需要上述操作，一會(huì)兒，我們?cè)賮?lái)講把它改成獨(dú)立啟動(dòng)的服務(wù)。
14.ftp 127.0.0.1
輸入用戶名ftp，密碼直接回車，OK！已經(jīng)可以連接了！輸入quit退出。然后重新ftp 127.0.0.1，輸入本地用戶和密碼，卻提
示login faild！why?原來(lái)少一個(gè)本地用戶認(rèn)證的pam文件。
15.cp RedHat/vsftpd.pam /etc/pam.d/ftp（注意，沒(méi)有這一步將不能使用本地用戶登錄�。�
16.cp vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd.conf（現(xiàn)在，默認(rèn)還是只能匿名用戶登錄）
17.vi /etc/vsftpd.conf
把a(bǔ)nonmous_enable=YES改成NO(禁掉匿名鏈接，不安全）
把local_enable=YES前的注釋去掉（打開(kāi)本地用戶連接的權(quán)限）
把write_enable=YES前的注釋去掉（打開(kāi)本地用戶的寫權(quán)限）
把local_umask=022前的注釋去掉
service xinetd restart
18.再次測(cè)試
ftp 127.0.0.1
使用ftp用戶空密碼登錄，將出現(xiàn)login faild
使用本地用戶登錄，OK！已經(jīng)成功了！上傳文件，也OK！
　　這樣是不是就完事兒了？不是，做一個(gè)FTP，我們通常還需要一些特殊要求：比如一個(gè)用戶我只允許他下載，不允許他上傳
；另一個(gè)用戶可以下載也可以上傳，但是他不能刪除文件，不能給文件改名；另外，我還需要我的FTP使用非常規(guī)的端口，限制
下載的速度，還需要一個(gè)管理員用戶。那怎么辦？請(qǐng)看下面的部分！
二、高級(jí)配置
1.使用獨(dú)立服務(wù)
a.vi /etc/xinetd.d/vsftpd把disable=no還改成yes，不再需要它了！
b.vi /etc/vsftpd.conf在結(jié)尾加上listen=YES
c.service xinetd restart
d./usr/local/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd.conf &
OK！現(xiàn)在vsftp已經(jīng)是獨(dú)立啟動(dòng)的服務(wù)了！
2.使用非常規(guī)的端口(2121)
a.vi /etc/vsftpd.conf
添加listen_port=2121，保存退出
b.killall -9 vsftpd
c./usr/local/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd.conf &
OK!現(xiàn)在用ftp 127.0.0.1將提示你連接被拒絕了(ftp:connect:Connetion refuesd)！然后ftp 127.0.0.1 2121輸入用戶名和密
碼，OK！可以登錄！
3.實(shí)現(xiàn)不同用戶不同權(quán)限
現(xiàn)在我們就來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)三個(gè)用戶的不同權(quán)限：a.upload用戶，可以上傳下載，可以新建文件夾，但不能刪除文件和文件夾，不能重
命名原有文件和文件夾；b.download用戶，只能下載；c.admin用戶，管理員，可以上傳，可以下載，可以新建文件夾，可以刪
除和更改文件和文件夾名。這些用戶都不能登錄系統(tǒng)，并且用ftp連接時(shí)鎖定在自己的家目錄中不能進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)文件夾。
a.cat logins.txt
>upload
>******* #upload用戶的密碼
>download
>*******
>admin
>****************
>!
說(shuō)明，此文本文件的格式是：?jiǎn)螖?shù)行為用戶名，偶數(shù)行為密碼
b.db_load -T -t hash -f logins.txt /etc/vsftpd_login.db
c.chmod 600 /etc/vsftpd_login.db
d.cd vsftpd-1.2.1/EXAMPLE;cp VIRYUAL_USERS/vsftpd.pam /etc/pam.d/ftp.vu (進(jìn)入你的解包的源碼目錄，把虛擬用戶的認(rèn)
證文件拷貝到/etc/pam.d/下）
e.useradd -d /home/ftpsite virtual；chmod 700 /home/ftpsite;su - virtual -c "echo
hello>/homt/ftpsite/test.file"（建立虛擬用戶所要訪問(wèn)的ftp目錄并設(shè)置僅virtual用戶訪問(wèn)的權(quán)限和創(chuàng)建一個(gè)供下載實(shí)驗(yàn)
的文件）
f.vi /etc/vsftpd.conf在此文件中插入下面的配置語(yǔ)句
guest_enable=YES（啟用虛擬用戶）
guest_username=virtual（將虛擬用戶映射為本地virtual用戶）
pam_service_name=ftp.vu（指定PAM配置文件為
ftp.vu
）
user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd_user_conf（指定不同虛擬用戶配置文件的存放路徑）
保存退出
g.mkdir /etc/vsftpd_user_conf
h.開(kāi)放不同用戶的不同權(quán)限　echo "anon_world_readable_only=NO">/etc/vsftpd_user_conf/download（開(kāi)放download用戶的
下載權(quán)限——只能下載；注意這個(gè)不地方不要寫成YES，否則將不能列出文件和目錄）
cp /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/download /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/upload
vi /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/upload，添加下列行
write_enable=YES （增加寫權(quán)限）
anon_upload_enable=YES（增加上傳權(quán)限）
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES (增加創(chuàng)建目錄的權(quán)限）
cp /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/upload /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/admin
增加一行：
anno_other_writer_enable=YES（增加管理員用戶的刪除/重命名的權(quán)限）
anon_other_write_enable=YES

i.測(cè)試
killall -9 vsftpd;/usr/local/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd.conf &
ftp 127.0.0.1 2121
以用戶名download和你設(shè)置的密碼登錄，ls，可以看到文件，下載，成功！put一個(gè)文件，提示
Permission denied。rename test.file同樣權(quán)限被拒絕；delete test.file同樣不成功！
輸入quit退出，以u(píng)pload用戶登錄，OK！可以上傳，下載，mkdir lsf，提示“/lsf" created；rename lsf lsf1提示
Permission denied,刪除文件同樣不成功！
輸入quit退出，以admin用戶登錄，可以有上述所有權(quán)限，然后rmdir lsf,提示Remove directory o[eration
successful;delete test.file提示Delete operation successful!OK，大功告成了！
4.還有限速，限制同一個(gè)IP的連接數(shù)，限制最大連接數(shù)等，我在另外的文章中已經(jīng)寫過(guò)，在此不再贅述！
三、附目
1.我的/etc/vsftpd.conf文件的內(nèi)容
引用:
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
anon_upload_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format
#xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that turning on ascii_download_enable enables malicious remote parties
# to consume your I/O resources, by issuing the command "SIZE /big/file" in
# ASCII mode.
# These ASCII options are split into upload and download because you may wish
# to enable ASCII uploads (to prevent uploaded scripts etc. from breaking),
# without the DoS risk of SIZE and ASCII downloads. ASCII mangling should be
# on the client anyway..
ascii_upload_enable=YES
ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
ftpd_banner=Welcome to Serv-U FTP serser. #(一個(gè)真實(shí)的慌言)
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
chroot_local_user=YES
listen_port=2121
listen=yes
guest_enable=YES
guest_username=virtual
pasv_min_port=30000
pasv_max_port=30999
pam_service_name=ftp.vu
anon_world_readable_only=NO
user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd_user_conf  
2.我的/etc/vsftpd_user_conf/download的內(nèi)容
引用:
anon_world_readable_only=NO
3.我的/etc/vsftpd_user_conf/upload的內(nèi)容
引用:
anon_world_readable_only=NO
write_enable=YES
anon_upload_enable=YES
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
4.我的/etc/vsftpd_user_conf/admin的內(nèi)容
引用:
anon_world_readable_only=NO
write_enable=YES
anon_upload_enable=YES
anon_other_write_enable=YES
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
5.自啟動(dòng)腳本，在/etc/rc.local中加入/usr/local/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd.conf &
注:順便加上其它的自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)的角本:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start


本文來(lái)自ChinaUnix博客，如果查看原文請(qǐng)點(diǎn)：http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/18526/showart_176137.html