mysql常用管理命令

yaoshiyan

一、從命令行登錄MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫服務器
1、登錄使用默認3306端口的MySQL
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p
2、通過TCP連接管理不同端口的多個MySQL（注意：MySQL4.1以上版本才有此項功能）
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p --protocol=tcp --host=localhost --port=3307
3、通過socket套接字管理不同端口的多個MySQL
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p --socket=/tmp/mysql3307.sock
4、通過端口和IP管理不同端口的多個MySQL
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -P 3306 -h 127.0.0.1
二、數(shù)據(jù)庫操作SQL語句
1、顯示服務器上當前存在什么數(shù)據(jù)庫
SHOW DATABASES;
2、創(chuàng)建名稱為rewin的數(shù)據(jù)庫
CREATE DATABASE rewin;
3、刪除名稱為rewin的數(shù)據(jù)庫
DROP DATABASE rewin;
4、選擇rewin數(shù)據(jù)庫
USE rewin;
三、表操作SQL語句（登錄之后必須用以上的USE命令選擇一個數(shù)據(jù)庫，再進行表操作）
1、顯示當前數(shù)據(jù)庫中存在什么表
SHOW TABLES;
2、創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫表zhangyan：在mysql>后粘貼以下SQL語句，存儲引擎為MYISAM，字段id為主鍵、唯一索引。
CREATE TABLE `zhangyan` (
`id` INT( 5 ) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT ,
`username` VARCHAR( 20 ) NOT NULL ,
`password` CHAR( 32 ) NOT NULL ,
`time` DATETIME NOT NULL ,
`number` FLOAT( 10 ) NOT NULL ,
`content` TEXT NOT NULL ,
PRIMARY KEY ( `id` )
) ENGINE = MYISAM ;
3、查看zhangyan表結(jié)構(gòu)
DESCRIBE zhangyan;
4、從表中檢索信息
4.1、從zhangyan表中檢索所有記錄
SELECT * FROM zhangyan;
4.2、從zhangyan表中檢索特定的行：字段username等于abc，字段number等于1，按字段id降序排列
SELECT * FROM zhangyan WHERE username = 'abc' AND number='1' ORDER BY id DESC;
4.3、從zhangyan表中檢索指定的字段：username和password
SELECT username, password FROM zhangyan;
4.4、從zhangyan表中檢索出唯一的不重復記錄：
SELECT DISTINCT username FROM zhangyan;
5、插入信息到zhangyan表
INSERT INTO zhangyan (id, username, password, time, number, content) VALUES ('', 'abc', '123456', '2007-08-06 14:32:12', '23.41', 'hello world');
6、更新zhangyan表中的指定信息
UPDATE zhangyan SET content = 'hello china' WHERE username = 'abc';
7、刪除zhangyan表中的指定信息
DELETE FROM zhangyan WHERE id = 1;
8、清空zhangyan表
DELETE FROM zhangyan;
9、刪除zhangyan表
DROP TABLE zhangyan;
10、更改表結(jié)構(gòu)，將zhangyan表username字段的字段類型改為CHAR(25)
ALTER TABLE zhangyan CHANGE username username CHAR(25);
11、將當前目錄下的mysql.sql導入數(shù)據(jù)庫
SOURCE ./mysql.sql;
四、數(shù)據(jù)庫權限操作SQL語句
1、創(chuàng)建一個具有root權限，可從任何IP登錄的用戶sina，密碼為zhangyan
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'sina'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'zhangyan';
2、創(chuàng)建一個具有“數(shù)據(jù)操作”、“結(jié)構(gòu)操作”權限，只能從192.168.1.***登錄的用戶sina，密碼為zhangyan
GRANT SELECT , INSERT , UPDATE , DELETE , FILE , CREATE , DROP , INDEX , ALTER , CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES , CREATE VIEW , SHOW VIEW , CREATE ROUTINE, ALTER ROUTINE, EXECUTE ON *.* TO 'sina'@'192.168.1.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'zhangyan';
3、創(chuàng)建一個只擁有“數(shù)據(jù)操作”權限，只能從192.168.1.24登錄，只能操作rewin數(shù)據(jù)庫的zhangyan表的用戶sina，密碼為zhangyan
GRANT SELECT , INSERT , UPDATE , DELETE ON  rewin.zhangyan TO 'sina'@'192.168.1.24' IDENTIFIED BY 'zhangyan';
4、創(chuàng)建一個擁有“數(shù)據(jù)操作”、“結(jié)構(gòu)操作”權限，可從任何IP登錄，只能操作rewin數(shù)據(jù)庫的用戶sina，密碼為zhangyan
GRANT SELECT , INSERT , UPDATE , DELETE , CREATE , DROP , INDEX , ALTER , CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES , CREATE VIEW , SHOW VIEW , CREATE ROUTINE, ALTER ROUTINE, EXECUTE ON rewin.* TO 'sina'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'zhangyan';
5、刪除用戶
DROP USER 'sina'@'%';


本文來自ChinaUnix博客，如果查看原文請點：http://blog.chinaunix.net/u3/107531/showart_2157479.html