Ruby筆記四（數(shù)組）

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Ruby筆記四（數(shù)組）

1. #E8.1-1.rb
   
2. =begin
   
3. 數(shù)組的索引從0開始，一直到數(shù)組的長度減去1；
   
4. 負數(shù)表示從數(shù)組末尾開始的索引；
   
5. 用一對數(shù)字來索引數(shù)組，第一個數(shù)字表示開始位置，第二數(shù)字表示從開始位置起的元素數(shù)目  
   
6. =end
   
7. arr=[3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
   
8. puts arr[0] #3
   
9. puts arr.first #3
   
10. puts arr[arr.length-1] #9
    
11. puts arr[arr.size-1] #9
    
12. puts arr.last #9
    
13. puts arr[-1] #9
    
14. puts arr[-2] #8
    
15. print arr[1..3].join(",") ,"\n" #4, 5, 6
    
16. print arr[-3,2] ,"\n" #[7, 8]
    
17. 
    
18. #Ruby的數(shù)組大小是動態(tài)的，你能夠隨時增加、刪除數(shù)組元素。
    
19. arr=[4,5,6]
    
20. print arr.join(", "),"\n" #4, 5, 6
    
21. 
    
22. arr[4] = "m" #把4號索引位置元素賦值為"m"
    
23. print arr.join(", "),"\n" #4, 5, 6, , m
    
24. print arr[3] ,"\n" #打印3號索引位置元素 #nil
    
25. 
    
26. arr.delete_at(3) #刪除3號索引位置元素
    
27. print arr.join(", "),"\n" #4, 5, 6, m
    
28. 
    
29. arr[2] = ["a","b","c"] #把2號索引位置元素賦值為["a","b","c"]
    
30. print arr.join(", "),"\n" #4, 5, a, b, c, m
    
31. print arr[2].join(",") ,"\n" #打印2號索引位置元素 #a,b,c
    
32. 
    
33. arr[0..1] = [7,"h","b"] #把0..1號元素替換為7,"h","b"
    
34. print arr.join(", "),"\n" #7, h, b, a, b, c, m
    
35. 
    
36. arr.push("b" ) #加入元素"b"
    
37. print arr.join(", "),"\n" #7, h, b, a, b, c, m, b
    
38. 
    
39. arr.delete(["a","b","c"] ) #刪除元素["a","b","c"]
    
40. print arr.join(", "),"\n" #7, h, b, m, b
    
41. 
    
42. arr.delete("b") #刪除所有元素"b"
    
43. print arr.join(", "),"\n" #7, h, m
    
44. 
    
45. arr.insert(3,"d") #在3號索引位置插入元素"d"
    
46. print arr.join(", "),"\n" #7, h, m, d
    
47. 
    
48. arr<<"f"<<2 #加入元素"f"；加入元素2
    
49. print arr.join(", "),"\n" #7, h, m, d, f, 2
    
50. 
    
51. arr.pop #刪除尾元素
    
52. print arr.join(", "),"\n" #7, h, m, d, f
    
53. 
    
54. arr.shift #刪除首元素
    
55. print arr.join(", "),"\n" #h, m, d, f
    
56. 
    
57. arr.clear #清空數(shù)組arr
    
58. print arr.join(", "),"\n" #
    
59. 
    
60. #數(shù)組運算
    
61. aaaa=["aa",4,5,"bb"]
    
62. bbbb=[4,1,3,2,5]
    
63. print (aaaa + bbbb).join(" ") ,"\n" #aa 4 5 bb 4 1 3 2 5
    
64. print (aaaa * 2).join(" ") ,"\n" #aa 4 5 bb aa 4 5 bb
    
65. print (bbbb - aaaa).join(" ") ,"\n" #1 3 2
    
66. 
    
67. #并運算；交運算
    
68. print (aaaa | bbbb).join(",") ,"\n" #aa,4,5,bb,1,3,2
    
69. print (aaaa & bbbb).join(",") ,"\n" #4,5
    
70. 
    
71. #排序；倒置
    
72. print bbbb.sort().join(",") ,"\n" #1,2,3,4,5
    
73. print aaaa.reverse.join(",") ,"\n" #bb,5,4,aa
    
74. 復(fù)制代碼

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